In Biology we just finished viewing the topic of drugs, and now we continued with the topic of the Endocrime system, so our teacher gave us some questions:

1)Define Hormones

2)Search a picture which shows the glands which secrete hormones in the human body
3)ADRENALINE.
State the effects of adrenaline
Choose a picture which shows a situation in which adrenaline is secreted. Explain

1)Hormones are chemical substances that help to regulate processes in the body
2)

3) Prepares the body for action, movement

4) Video

In Biology we started with our new topic: drugs.  Since there are different types of drugs  Male assigned to different groups the different types to make a presentation about them. I got Cannabis and worked with Luli, Tomi and Bauti. We had to present our topic in ClassTools. Here is our work:

Click here for larger version

In Biology we are studying the eye. Male gave us some activities to do.

1. Structure of the eye.

2.  Functions of the eye structures.

4. Animation showing how the eye works.  

5. Booklet page 9 exercise 2: The cornea bends or refracts the light rays for the lens to bend and focus them on the fovea (if there is a bright light, on cones) or throughout the retina (if there is dim light, on rods).

6. VIDEO explaining the pupil reflex.

-stimulus: a bright light. >> receptor: cones >> coordinator: brain >> effector: radial and circular muscles >> effect: circular muscles contract while radium relax >> response: the pupil constricts.

-stimulus: a dim light. >> receptor: rods >> coordinator: brain >> effector: radial and circular muscles >> effect: circular muscles relax while radium contract >> response: the pupil gets dilated.

CIRCULAR MUSCLE vs RADIUM MUSCLE: Antagonistic muscles

7. : In the dark room light is focused all over the retina, where the rodes are. Rodes are stimulated the, but rodes are of black and white vision only. So you see only shapes, not colors.

8. Animations to learn how the eye focuses on a nearby and a distant object.

9.  If a close object is focused, the light rays coming will be diverging so they will need a lot of bending.  The ciliary muscles contract, the suspensory ligaments go slack and the lens becomes shorter and fatter.

In Biology we started working with the Nervous System. Here is anentry on Male´s blog with a few interactive activities and videos.

Activities:

1.

b. 

Sensory Neuron: transmits nerve impulses from receptors to coordinators.

Relay Neuron: Transmits nerve impulses from Sensory Neurons to Motor Neurones.

Motor Neurones: Transmits nerve impulses from the central nervous system (brain &  spinal cord) to effector nerve cells.

c. Reflex Action:

Stimulous >> recept cells >> coordinators (CNS) >> effector cells

d. Synapse:

A synapse is what happens when chemical signals pass from one cell to another. It occurs in the synaptic cleft, which is the tiny gap between the pre-synaptic neuron and the post-synaptic neuron.
Every pre-synaptic neuron has vesicles inside, near the pre-synaptic membrane. Each vesicle contains thousands of neurotransmitters. When the pre-synaptic neuron gets “excited” by an axon potential it’s vesicles diffuse through the cell membrane and release their content into the  synaptic cleft.
Following, the tiny receptors of the post-synaptic neuron interact with the neurotransmitters. These ones bind into the receptors and cause an action as result. Likelihood can be increased and the cell becomes activated firing an action potential or it can be decreased.
Finally, the neurotransmitters molecules left in the synaptic gapdrift away by diffusion, or go back to the vesicles to be reused by a process called re-uptake, or are broken down by enzymes and component parts go back to the pre-synaptic neuron.

As a first topic on Biology we started to learn the Kidney and Excretion. To understand the topic better, here are some activities that we did.

Activities